キンギョソウ・ブロンズドラゴン

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Flora of Mikawa

オオバコ科 Plantaginaceae キンギョソウ属

別 名 ドラゴンフラワー
中国名 金鱼草 jin yu cao
英 名 snapdragon , common snapdragon
学 名 Antirrhinum majus L. 'Bronze Dragon'
 synonym Antirrhinum Majus Nanum 'Bronze Dragon'
キンギョソウ・ブロンズドラゴンの花序
キンギョソウ・ブロンズドラゴンの花
キンギョソウ・ブロンズドラゴンの萼と小花柄
キンギョソウ・ブロンズドラゴンの茎
キンギョソウ・ブロンズドラゴン
キンギョソウ・ブロンズドラゴン葉
花 期 (3)4~7(9)月
高 さ 30~90(120)㎝
生活型 多年草
生育場所 栽培種
分 布 帰化種 ヨーロッパ、地中海沿岸原産
撮 影 豊橋市  16.4.5
キンギョソウ・ブロンズドラゴンはキンギョソウの園芸品種。
 多年草、高さ15~30㎝の矮性。葉が濃紫色で、銅葉または黒葉といわれる。花期は6~9月。
 キンギョソウ(Antirrhinum majus L.)はヨーロッパ、地中海沿岸原産。英名はsnapdragon , common snapdragon。英名はかみつきドラゴンを意味する。中国名は金鱼草 jin yu cao。標高600~2000mの石灰岩または珪質の基質上の亀裂または岩礫地、石の多い場所、道端、砂利や砂礫に生える。世界中で観賞用に栽培され、多数の品種があり、ハイブリッドを加えると1000種以上の品種がある。
 多年草、無毛、花序にのみ腺毛があり、例外的に基部に長さ0.2~0.4㎜の腺毛がある。茎は長さ35~65㎝、[基部は木質化し、高いものは90㎝まれに2mにもなり、]太く、直立し、単純またはまばらに分枝し、硬質でなく、無毛で、ときに下部にまばらに腺毛がある。葉は長さ18~65㎜×幅6~20㎜、下部の葉は対生し、上部の葉は互生し、披針状楕円形~狭長円形、ほぼ鋭形、基部は漸尖し、薄く、曲がり、平らで、上面は緑色で下面は紫色、無毛で、上部の葉にはまばらに腺毛がある。葉柄は長さ1~2㎜。花序は密で、10~20個の花が互生する。苞は長さ5~7㎜×幅4~6㎜、葉とは著しく異なり、卵形、鈍形または鋭形で、互生する。花は小花柄が長さ2~5㎜、真っすぐで直立し、苞よりも短い。萼は5深裂し、萼片が長さ6~10㎜×幅3~5.5㎜、卵形、鈍形、反り返らず、密に長さ0.3㎜までの腺毛がある。花冠は2唇形、全面の下部が伸び、兜状になり、長さ33~45㎜、紫色、基部に紫色または帯白色の筒部があり、紫色の脈があり、腺毛がある。上唇は直立・開出し、幅広で大きく、2中裂し、切れ込みは8~10㎜、裂片は幅11~13㎜、広卵形、平ら、散開し、紫色の脈がなく、基部に紫色の斑点がある。下唇は直立・開出し、3浅裂し、紫色の脈はなく、基部は白色で、下唇の隆起(palate)は黄色、基部のこぶ(hump)は1.5~3mm、萼片の間から突き出る。雄しべ4個、2強雄しべ。蒴果は長さ12~15㎜×幅10~12㎜、広楕円形、鈍形、木質の壁を持ち、長さ0.6㎜までの腺毛がある。[長い角(つの)状に花柱が残り、腺毛に覆われ、多数の種子が入り、熟すと、頂部が裂開する。]種子は長さ0.8~1.1㎜、長円状卵形、網目があり、黒色。縦のうねは規則的に吻合し、小歯状がある。2n=16, 32;n=8。花期は(3)4~7(9)月。
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